Using SQL to Analyse Hotel KPIs — The hotel industry relies on several unique KPIs to gauge performance. One of the most important of these is RevPAR — which stands for revenue per available room. RevPAR = Occupancy (%) * Average Daily Rate (ADR) In addition, hoteliers can also use GOPPAR (or Gross Operating Profit per Available…

Using GeoPandas to analyse average ADR by country — GeoPandas is a Python library designed for working with geospatial data. It has many uses when analysing data across different countries. Specifically, companies that have international customers or operate internationally may be interested in metrics relevant to the regions in which they operate. Suppose a hotel chain in Portugal wishes…

Comparing groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test — The Kruskal-Wallis test is a non-parametric test that tests the null hypothesis that k sampled number of groups possess the same distribution function. The test is performed by means of a ranking mechanism, whereby the observations across the samples are ordered by size and their values replaced with a corresponding…

Modelling generalised autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity using R — When attempting to forecast a time series, consideration is given as to both the trend and seasonality patterns in the series. That said, we can often come across a time series where the volatility in the series is not constant over time. This is known as autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity. In…

Use of StructTS and dynamic linear modelling — Introduction The purpose of this article is to illustrate the use of a Structural Time Series model to forecast air passenger numbers using the Air Traffic Passenger Statistics dataset from DataSF Open Data, which is licensed under the Public Domain and Dedication License (PDDL). Business Context The airline industry is very dynamic. As…

Working with dates in SQL — It is often the case that when working with a SQL database, one typically has to work with tables that contain a date column showing the date for each relevant record. However, the ability of SQL to work with dates and yield valuable insights from such data types is often…

Two Important SQL Clauses You Should Know — SQL is a powerful tool when it comes to extracting data from a database — either from one or multiple tables. That said, there are some clauses that are particularly important when it comes to analysing data effectively. The two clauses covered in this article are the HAVING and DISTINCT…

Regression Analysis and Counterfactual Explanations — InterpretML is an interpretable machine learning library designed by Microsoft, with the purpose of making machine learning models more understandable and open to human interpretation. This has particular value when communicating findings with business stakeholders, who in many cases are non-technical and seek to understand the business implications of findings…

Implementing probabilistic modelling with bnlearn — Bayesian networks are quite an intuitive tool when it comes to examining the dependencies between different variables. Specifically, a DAG (or directed acyclic graph) is what allows us to represent the conditional probabilities between a given set of variables. Using the bnlearn library in Python, let’s take a look at…